> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://overleaf-pro.ayaka.space/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://overleaf-pro.ayaka.space/latex/da/dokumentstruktur/06-nomenclatures.md). # Nomenklaturer ## Introduktion En liste over forkortelser og symboler er almindelig i mange videnskabelige dokumenter. Denne type lister kan oprettes med LaTeX ved hjælp af `nomencl` -pakken. Denne artikel forklarer, hvordan man opretter nomenklaturer, og hvordan man tilpasser rækkefølgen og underinddelingen af symbolerne. Nomenklaturposter fungerer stort set ligesom indeksposter: ```latex \documentclass{article} \usepackage{nomencl} \makenomenclature \begin{document} Her er et eksempel: \nomenclature{\(c\)}{Lysets hastighed i vakuum} \nomenclature{\(h\)}{Plancks konstant} \printnomenclature \end{document} ``` [Åbn dette `nomencl` eksempel i Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=nomencl+package+example\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Barticle%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Bnomencl%7D%0A%5Cmakenomenclature%0A%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0AHere+is+an+example%3A%0A%5Cnomenclature%7B%5C%28c%5C%29%7D%7BSpeed+of+light+in+a+vacuum%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%7B%5C%28h%5C%29%7D%7BPlanck+constant%7D%0A%0A%5Cprintnomenclature%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) ![Nomenclatures01OLV2.png](/files/07ac2e64e892917452c4e6839dfeed6049a0b134) Som sædvanligt importeres pakken i præamblen med `\usepackage{nomencl}`. De tre grundlæggende kommandoer til at oprette nomenklaturerne er: * `\makenomenclature`. Placeres normalt lige efter import af pakken. * `\nomenclature`. Bruges til at definere selve nomenklaturposterne. Tager to argumenter, symbolet og den tilhørende beskrivelse. * `\printnomenclatures`. Denne kommando udskriver nomenklaturlisten. ## Grundlæggende syntaks Yderligere indstillinger kan bruges, når man importerer `nomencl` pakken. Det næste eksempel viser, hvordan man tilføjer nomenklaturen til indholdsfortegnelsen, og hvordan man ændrer standardsproget: ```latex \documentclass{article} \usepackage[spanish]{babel} \usepackage[intoc, spanish]{nomencl} \makenomenclature \begin{document} \tableofcontents \section{Første sektion} Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Etiam lobortisfacilisis sem. Nullam nec mi et neque pharetra sollicitudin. Praesent imperdie... \nomenclature{\(c\)}{Lysets hastighed i vakuum} \nomenclature{\(h\)}{Plancks konstant} \printnomenclature \end{document} ``` [Åbn dette `nomencl` eksempel i Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=nomencl+package+example\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Barticle%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%5Bspanish%5D%7Bbabel%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%5Bintoc%2C+spanish%5D%7Bnomencl%7D%0A%5Cmakenomenclature%0A%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0A%5Ctableofcontents%0A%0A%5Csection%7BPrimera+Secci%C3%B3n%7D%0A%0ALorem+ipsum+dolor+sit+amet%2C+consectetuer+adipiscing+elit.+Etiam+lobortisfacilisis+sem.+Nullam+nec+mi+et+neque+pharetra+sollicitudin.+Praesent+imperdie...%0A%0A%5Cnomenclature%7B%5C%28c%5C%29%7D%7BSpeed+of+light+in+a+vacuum%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%7B%5C%28h%5C%29%7D%7BPlanck+constant%7D%0A%0A%5Cprintnomenclature%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) ![Nomenclatures02OLV2.png](/files/36adf0ef422349f501de2fbe8d98a95387b4361e) De yderligere indstillinger, der bruges her ved import af pakken, er: * `intoc` Tilføjer **Nomenklatur** til indholdsfortegnelsen. * `spansk` Ændrer sproget og oversætter standardtitlen *Nomenclatures* i overensstemmelse hermed. De understøttede sprog er: `kroatisk`, `dansk`, `english`, `french`, `tysk`, `italiensk`, `polsk`, `portugisisk`, `russian`, `spansk` og `ukrainsk`. Andre nyttige funktioner i `nomencl` pakken er muligheden for manuelt at angive nomenklaturens titel og tilføje en ekstra annotation. ```latex \documentclass{article} \usepackage{nomencl} \makenomenclature \renewcommand{\nomname}{Liste over symboler} \renewcommand{\nompreamble}{Den næste liste beskriver flere symboler, som senere vil blive brugt i dokumentets brødtekst} \begin{document} Her er et eksempel: \nomenclature{\(c\)}{Lysets hastighed i vakuum} \nomenclature{\(h\)}{Plancks konstant} \printnomenclature \end{document} ``` [Åbn dette `nomencl` eksempel i Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=nomencl+package+example\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Barticle%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Bnomencl%7D%0A%5Cmakenomenclature%0A%0A%5Crenewcommand%7B%5Cnomname%7D%7BList+of+Symbols%7D%0A%0A%5Crenewcommand%7B%5Cnompreamble%7D%7BThe+next+list+describes+several+symbols+that+will+be+later+used+within+the+body+of+the+document%7D%0A%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0AHere+is+an+example%3A%0A%0A%5Cnomenclature%7B%5C%28c%5C%29%7D%7BSpeed+of+light+in+a+vacuum%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%7B%5C%28h%5C%29%7D%7BPlanck+constant%7D%0A%0A%5Cprintnomenclature%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) ![Nomenclatures03verbOLV2.png](/files/33bd7f6b0d004dd7cd5a2b2dc01dd5b6d61de32e) Linjen ``` \renewcommand{\nomname}{Liste over symboler} ``` ændrer standardtitlen. Kommandoen ``` \renewcommand{\nompreamble}{Den næste liste...} ``` indsætter noget tekst mellem titlen og symbollisten. ## Gruppering For at gruppere symbolerne efter deres type kræves lidt ekstra arbejde. Vi tilføjer et præfiks til hvert symbol og bruger `etoolbox` pakken til at sammenligne præfikserne. ```latex \documentclass{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{nomencl} \makenomenclature %% Denne kode opretter grupperne % ----------------------------------------- \usepackage{etoolbox} \renewcommand\nomgroup[1]{% \item[\bfseries \ifstrequal{#1}{P}{Fysiske konstanter}{% \ifstrequal{#1}{N}{Talmængder}{% \ifstrequal{#1}{O}{Andre symboler}{}}}% ]} % ----------------------------------------- \begin{document} Her er et eksempel: \nomenclature[P]{\(c\)}{Lysets hastighed i vakuum} \nomenclature[P]{\(h\)}{Plancks konstant} \nomenclature[P]{\(G\)}{Tyngdekonstanten} \nomenclature[N]{\(\mathbb{R}\)}{Reelle tal} \nomenclature[N]{\(\mathbb{C}\)}{Komplekse tal} \nomenclature[N]{\(\mathbb{H}\)}{Kvaternioner} \nomenclature[O]{\(V\)}{Konstant volumen} \nomenclature[O]{\(\rho\)}{Friktionsindeks} \printnomenclature \end{document} ``` [Åbn dette `nomencl` eksempel i Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=nomencl+package+example\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Barticle%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Bamssymb%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Bnomencl%7D%0A%5Cmakenomenclature%0A%0A%25%25+This+code+creates+the+groups%0A%25+-----------------------------------------%0A%5Cusepackage%7Betoolbox%7D%0A%5Crenewcommand%5Cnomgroup%5B1%5D%7B%25%0A++%5Citem%5B%5Cbfseries%0A++%5Cifstrequal%7B%231%7D%7BP%7D%7BPhysics+constants%7D%7B%25%0A++%5Cifstrequal%7B%231%7D%7BN%7D%7BNumber+sets%7D%7B%25%0A++%5Cifstrequal%7B%231%7D%7BO%7D%7BOther+symbols%7D%7B%7D%7D%7D%25%0A%5D%7D%0A%25+-----------------------------------------%0A%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0AHere+is+an+example%3A%0A%0A%5Cnomenclature%5BP%5D%7B%5C%28c%5C%29%7D%7BSpeed+of+light+in+a+vacuum%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%5BP%5D%7B%5C%28h%5C%29%7D%7BPlanck+constant%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%5BP%5D%7B%5C%28G%5C%29%7D%7BGravitational+constant%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%5BN%5D%7B%5C%28%5Cmathbb%7BR%7D%5C%29%7D%7BReal+numbers%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%5BN%5D%7B%5C%28%5Cmathbb%7BC%7D%5C%29%7D%7BComplex+numbers%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%5BN%5D%7B%5C%28%5Cmathbb%7BH%7D%5C%29%7D%7BQuaternions%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%5BO%5D%7B%5C%28V%5C%29%7D%7BConstant+volume%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%5BO%5D%7B%5C%28%5Crho%5C%29%7D%7BFriction+index%7D%0A%0A%5Cprintnomenclature%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) ![Nomenclatures04OLV2.png](/files/c18ada37ab332415c9faf20168ecaa367db686fd) Der tilføjes nogle ekstra grupper. Koden til dette er ikke helt enkel; den bruger kommandoen `\ifstrequal{}{}{}{}`, de første to argumenter er de strenge, der sammenlignes; hvis de er ens, tilføjes termen til gruppen, ellers kontrolleres den næste indlejrede betingelse. Bemærk, at nu har hver `\nomenclature` kommando et ekstra argument, præfikset, i klammer; det bruges i grupperingskoden. Hvis `etoolbox` ikke er tilgængelig, kan man bruge `ifthen` pakken i stedet, som giver den betingede `\ifthenelse{}{}{}`, men syntaksen er lidt mere kompleks: ```latex \usepackage{ifthen} \renewcommand{\nomgroup}[1]{% \item[\bfseries \ifthenelse{\equal{#1}{P}}{Fysiske konstanter}{% \ifthenelse{\equal{#1}{O}}{Andre symboler}{% \ifthenelse{\equal{#1}{N}}{Talmængder}{}}}% ]} ``` Dette vil give de samme nomenklaturgrupper. ## Tilføjelse af enheder for fysiske konstanter En anden interessant funktion er at bruge `siunitx` -pakken til at tilføje enheder og justere dem til højre for de tilsvarende poster. For dette skal man definere `nomunit` -makroen som vist i det følgende eksempel: ```latex \documentclass{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{nomencl} \usepackage{siunitx} \usepackage{hyperref} \makenomenclature \hypersetup{ colorlinks=true, urlcolor=blue, } %% Dette vil tilføje undergrupperne %---------------------------------------------- \usepackage{etoolbox} \renewcommand\nomgroup[1]{% \item[\bfseries \ifstrequal{#1}{A}{Fysiske konstanter}{% \ifstrequal{#1}{B}{Talmængder}{% \ifstrequal{#1}{C}{Andre symboler}{}}}% ]} %---------------------------------------------- %% Dette vil tilføje enhederne %---------------------------------------------- \newcommand{\nomunit}[1]{% \renewcommand{\nomentryend}{\hspace*{\fill}#1}} %---------------------------------------------- \title{Nomenklatureksempel} \author{Overleaf Team} \date{\today} \begin{document} \maketitle \noindent Dette er et eksempel, der viser, hvordan \texttt{nomencl}-pakken fungerer, med enheder sat op via \texttt{siunitx}-pakken. \href{https://www.nist.gov/pml/fundamental-physical-constants}{NIST} blev brugt som reference for at angive værdierne for de fysiske konstanter og deres tilsvarende enheder---links leveres via \texttt{hyperref}-pakken: \nomenclature[A, 02]{\(c\)}{\href{https://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?c} {Lysets hastighed i vakuum} \nomunit{\SI{299792458}{\meter\per\second}}} \nomenclature[A, 03]{\(h\)}{\href{https://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?h} {Plancks konstant} \nomunit{\SI[group-digits=false]{6.62607015e-34}{\joule\per\hertz}}} \nomenclature[A, 01]{\(G\)}{\href{https://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/cuu/Value?bg} {Tyngdekonstanten} \nomunit{\SI[group-digits=false]{6.67430e-11}{\meter\cubed\per\kilogram\per\second\squared}}} \nomenclature[B, 03]{\(\mathbb{R}\)}{Reelle tal} \nomenclature[B, 02]{\(\mathbb{C}\)}{Komplekse tal} \nomenclature[B, 01]{\(\mathbb{H}\)}{Kvaternioner} \nomenclature[C]{\(V\)}{Konstant volumen} \nomenclature[C]{\(\rho\)}{Friktionsindeks} \printnomenclature \end{document} ``` [Åbn i Overleaf (eksempel med `nomencl` og `siunitx` pakker).](/latex/da/dokumentstruktur/06-nomenclatures.md) ![Nomcomplex.png](/files/21313d2851c0c1ab9274c48b03402bfe31388e6f) ## Sortering af posterne Dette er standardrækkefølgen: ```latex \documentclass{article} \usepackage{nomencl} \makenomenclature \begin{document} Her er et eksempel: \nomenclature{\(+a\)}{Operator} \nomenclature{\(2a\)}{Tal} \nomenclature{\(:a\)}{Tegnsætningssymbol} \nomenclature{\(Aa\)}{Store bogstaver} \nomenclature{\(aa\)}{Små bogstaver} \nomenclature{\(\alpha\)}{Græsk tegn} \printnomenclature \end{document} ``` [Åbn dette `nomencl` eksempel i Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=nomencl+default+sort+order\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Barticle%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Bnomencl%7D%0A%0A%5Cmakenomenclature%0A%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0AHere+is+an+example%3A%0A%0A%5Cnomenclature%7B%5C%28%2Ba%5C%29%7D%7BOperator%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%7B%5C%282a%5C%29%7D%7BNumber%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%7B%5C%28%3Aa%5C%29%7D%7BPunctuation+symbol%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%7B%5C%28Aa%5C%29%7D%7BUppercase+letter%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%7B%5C%28aa%5C%29%7D%7BLowercase+letter%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%7B%5C%28%5Calpha%5C%29%7D%7BGreek+character%7D%0A%0A%5Cprintnomenclature%0A%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) ![Nomenclatures05OLV2.png](/files/e6478a322cad5fc8924d8ae1e1be8f249bc06e9a) Bemærk, at det græske tegn vises før de alfabetiske tegn på grund af backslash `\` i `\alpha`. Ligesom ved gruppering er det muligt at bruge et præfiks til manuelt at sortere nomenklaturposterne: ```latex \documentclass{article} \usepackage{nomencl} \makenomenclature \begin{document} Her er et eksempel: \nomenclature[06]{\(+a\)}{Operator} \nomenclature[03]{\(2a\)}{Tal} \nomenclature[05]{\(:a\)}{Tegnsætningssymbol} \nomenclature[04]{\(Aa\)}{Store bogstaver} \nomenclature[01]{\(aa\)}{Små bogstaver} \nomenclature[02]{\(\alpha\)}{Græsk tegn} \printnomenclature \end{document} ``` [Åbn dette `nomencl` eksempel i Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=Sorting+nomencl+entries\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Barticle%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Bnomencl%7D%0A%0A%5Cmakenomenclature%0A%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0AHere+is+an+example%3A%0A%0A%5Cnomenclature%5B06%5D%7B%5C%28%2Ba%5C%29%7D%7BOperator%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%5B03%5D%7B%5C%282a%5C%29%7D%7BNumber%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%5B05%5D%7B%5C%28%3Aa%5C%29%7D%7BPunctuation+symbol%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%5B04%5D%7B%5C%28Aa%5C%29%7D%7BUppercase+letter%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%5B01%5D%7B%5C%28aa%5C%29%7D%7BLowercase+letter%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%5B02%5D%7B%5C%28%5Calpha%5C%29%7D%7BGreek+character%7D%0A%0A%5Cprintnomenclature%0A%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) ![Nomenclatures06OLV2.png](/files/a253d48349a6f457ef433358fb2f610d5236ff4b) Tallet i klammerne bestemmer rækkefølgen, som det tilsvarende symbol udskrives i. Man kan også kombinere gruppering og manuel sortering: ```latex \documentclass{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{nomencl} \makenomenclature \usepackage{etoolbox} \renewcommand\nomgroup[1]{% \item[\bfseries \ifstrequal{#1}{A}{Fysiske konstanter}{% \ifstrequal{#1}{B}{Talmængder}{% \ifstrequal{#1}{C}{Andre symboler}{}}}% ]} \begin{document} Her er et eksempel: \nomenclature[A, 02]{\(c\)}{Lysets hastighed i vakuum} \nomenclature[A, 03]{\(h\)}{Plancks konstant} \nomenclature[A, 01]{\(G\)}{Tyngdekonstanten} \nomenclature[B, 03]{\(\mathbb{R}\)}{Reelle tal} \nomenclature[B, 02]{\(\mathbb{C}\)}{Komplekse tal} \nomenclature[B, 01]{\(\mathbb{H}\)}{Oktonioner} \nomenclature[C]{\(V\)}{Konstant volumen} \nomenclature[C]{\(\rho\)}{Friktionsindeks} \printnomenclature \end{document} ``` [Åbn dette `nomencl` eksempel i Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=Grouping+and+sorting+with+nomencl\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Barticle%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Bamssymb%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Bnomencl%7D%0A%5Cmakenomenclature%0A%0A%5Cusepackage%7Betoolbox%7D%0A%5Crenewcommand%5Cnomgroup%5B1%5D%7B%25%0A++%5Citem%5B%5Cbfseries%0A++%5Cifstrequal%7B%231%7D%7BA%7D%7BPhysics+Constants%7D%7B%25%0A++%5Cifstrequal%7B%231%7D%7BB%7D%7BNumber+Sets%7D%7B%25%0A++%5Cifstrequal%7B%231%7D%7BC%7D%7BOther+Symbols%7D%7B%7D%7D%7D%25%0A%5D%7D%0A%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0AHere+is+an+example%3A%0A%0A%5Cnomenclature%5BA%2C+02%5D%7B%5C%28c%5C%29%7D%7BSpeed+of+light+in+a+vacuum%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%5BA%2C+03%5D%7B%5C%28h%5C%29%7D%7BPlanck+constant%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%5BA%2C+01%5D%7B%5C%28G%5C%29%7D%7BGravitational+constant%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%5BB%2C+03%5D%7B%5C%28%5Cmathbb%7BR%7D%5C%29%7D%7BReal+numbers%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%5BB%2C+02%5D%7B%5C%28%5Cmathbb%7BC%7D%5C%29%7D%7BComplex+numbers%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%5BB%2C+01%5D%7B%5C%28%5Cmathbb%7BH%7D%5C%29%7D%7BOctonions%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%5BC%5D%7B%5C%28V%5C%29%7D%7BConstant+volume%7D%0A%5Cnomenclature%5BC%5D%7B%5C%28%5Crho%5C%29%7D%7BFriction+index%7D%0A%0A%5Cprintnomenclature%0A%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) ![Nomenclatures07OLV2.png](/files/8cfa3c62ca1a16f765f38c0b98469de7cd0a0396) Bemærk, at de store bogstaver, der bruges til gruppering, er forskellige fra dem, der bruges i eksemplet i det foregående afsnit, fordi det bogstav bruges til at sortere grupperne. ## Yderligere læsning For mere information se: * [Ordlister](/latex/da/dokumentstruktur/05-glossaries.md) * [LaTeX-projekter med flere filer](/latex/da/dokumentstruktur/08-multi-file-latex-projects.md) * [Tekstjustering](/latex/da/formatering/06-text-alignment.md) * [Fed skrift, kursiv og understregning](/latex/da/latex-grundlaeggende/03-bold-italics-and-underlining.md) * [Matematiske udtryk](/latex/da/matematik/01-mathematical-expressions.md) * [Oprettelse og redefinering af makroer](/latex/da/kommandoer/01-commands.md) * [`nomencl` pakkedokumentation](http://mirror.jmu.edu/pub/CTAN/macros/latex/contrib/nomencl/nomencl.pdf) * [`ifthen` pakkedokumentation](http://texdoc.net/texmf-dist/doc/latex/base/ifthen.pdf) * [`etoolbox` pakkedokumentation](http://mirror.math.ku.edu/tex-archive/macros/latex/contrib/etoolbox/etoolbox.pdf) --- # Agent Instructions This documentation is published with GitBook. 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