> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://overleaf-pro.ayaka.space/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://overleaf-pro.ayaka.space/latex/formatting/02-headers-and-footers.md). # Headers and footers ## Introduction and overview This article demonstrates how to modify document headers and footers using the [fancyhdr package](https://ctan.org/pkg/fancyhdr?lang=en). Another option for customizing headers and footers, addressed in the companion article, [*How does LaTeX typeset headers and footers?*](/latex/in-depth-articles/23-how-does-latex-typeset-headers-and-footers.md), is to dig deeper into LaTeX code to define new page styles or redefine appropriate low-level commands. Here, we start with an overview of some basic LaTeX features which define default headers and footers used within a document: * [document classes](#document-classes) * [LaTeX page styles](#latex-page-styles) If you wish to skip the introductory material, jump to [the section on the `fancyhdr` package](#using-the-fancyhdr-package). As noted, much more technical detail is contained in the companion article [*How does LaTeX typeset headers and footers?*](/latex/in-depth-articles/23-how-does-latex-typeset-headers-and-footers.md) which explores and explains the low-level, mark-based, mechanisms used by TeX engines to create headers and footers—and why the `\mark` command is needed. ### LaTeX document classes Different types of LaTeX document are created using *document classes*; for example, LaTeX provides a number of standard classes: * `book` * `report` * `article` * `letter` which are used via the `\documentclass` command: ```latex \documentclass[⟨options⟩]{⟨class⟩} ``` where: * `⟨class⟩` could be one of the standard types (`book`, `report`, `article`, `letter`) or one [contributed by individuals and institutions](https://www.ctan.org/topic/class). * `⟨options⟩` are settings used to configure a particular instance of the document `⟨class⟩`. The available `⟨options⟩` depend on the `⟨class⟩` being used. #### One- or two-sided documents If a LaTeX document class supports different layouts for left-facing pages (even page numbers) and right-facing pages (odd page numbers) the document’s headers and footers are usually different on left- and right-facing pages. Defaults for the standard document classes are: * `book`: two-sided * `article` and `report`: single-sided but can become two-sided by using the option `twoside`; for example: ```latex \documentclass[twoside]{article} ``` or ```latex \documentclass[twoside]{report} ``` #### Default ⟨options⟩ of document classes LaTeX applies a set of default `⟨options⟩` to each of the standard document classes: * `article`: default `⟨options⟩` are `letterpaper,10pt,oneside,onecolumn,final` * `report`: default `⟨options⟩` are `letterpaper,10pt,oneside,onecolumn,final,openany` * `book`: default `⟨options⟩` are `letterpaper,10pt,twoside,onecolumn,final,openright` * `letter`: default `⟨options⟩` are `letterpaper,10pt,oneside,onecolumn,final` Document classes also provide commands which enable users to structure their documents into logical divisions such as parts, chapters, sections, subsections and so forth. As you might expect, the `book` class has a rich set of document structuring commands. ### LaTeX page styles In LaTeX, the default format of a document’s headers and footers are determined by the *page style* being used. Several predefined page styles are provided by LaTeX: * `empty`: no headers or footers on pages * `plain`: no page headers, footers consist of a centered page number * `headings`: no footers, headers contains class-specific information and page number * `myheadings`: no footers, headers contains page number and user-supplied information #### Default page styles of standard document classes Unless the user specifies otherwise, the standard document classes apply a default page style: * the `article` and `report` classes use `plain` * the `book` class uses `headings` #### Setting page styles Core LaTeX provides two commands to change (set) the page style: * `\pagestyle{⟨style⟩}`: sets the style of the current page, and all subsequent pages, to `⟨style⟩` * `\thispagestyle{⟨style⟩}`: sets style of the current page only to `⟨style⟩` The style of page numbers is set with the command `\pagenumbering{⟨numberstyle⟩}`; for example, `\pagenumbering{roman}` typesets page numbers in lowercase Roman numerals: i, ii, iii... ### LaTeX page layout Because headers and footers form part of the overall page layout/design it can be helpful to understand a little more about LaTeX's model of page layout; the following Overleaf articles might be of interest: * for an introduction to LaTeX page layout, the Overleaf article [Page size and margins](/latex/formatting/07-page-size-and-margins.md) demonstrates how to use the [**`geometry`** package](https://ctan.org/pkg/geometry?lang=en); * if you want more detail, we suggest the article [A visual guide to LaTeX’s page layout parameters](/latex/in-depth-articles/04-a-visual-guide-to-latex-s-page-layout-parameters.md). ### Headers and footers in standard LaTeX document classes and page styles As noted, LaTeX provides several [built-in page styles](#latex-page-styles) used as defaults for the standard document classes. The following short examples demonstrate the default headers and footers produced by standard document classes using LaTeX's default `⟨options⟩` for each class. #### Default article class headers and footers ```latex \documentclass{article} % Choose a conveniently small page size \usepackage[paperheight=16cm,paperwidth=12cm,textwidth=10cm]{geometry} \usepackage{lipsum}% for some dummy text \title{An article class example} \author{Overleaf} \begin{document} \maketitle \section{In the beginning...} \lipsum[2] \section{Another section} \lipsum[1] \section{Yet another} \lipsum[1] ``` [Open this **`article`** class example in Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=An+article+class+example\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Barticle%7D%0A%25+Choose+a+conveniently+small+page+size%0A%5Cusepackage%5Bpaperheight%3D16cm%2Cpaperwidth%3D12cm%2Ctextwidth%3D10cm%5D%7Bgeometry%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Blipsum%7D%25+for+some+dummy+text%0A%5Ctitle%7BAn+article+class+example%7D%0A%5Cauthor%7BOverleaf%7D%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0A%5Cmaketitle%0A%0A%5Csection%7BIn+the+beginning...%7D%0A%5Clipsum%5B2%5D%0A%0A%5Csection%7BAnother+section%7D%0A%5Clipsum%5B1%5D%0A%0A%5Csection%7BYet+another%7D%0A%5Clipsum%5B1%5D%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) #### Default report class headers and footers ```latex \documentclass{report} % Choose a conveniently small page size \usepackage[paperheight=16cm,paperwidth=12cm,textwidth=10cm]{geometry} \usepackage{lipsum}% for some dummy text \title{A report class example} \author{Overleaf} \begin{document} \maketitle \chapter{One} \section{In the beginning...} \lipsum[2] \section{Another section} \lipsum[1] \section{Yet another} \lipsum[1] ``` [Open this **`report`** class example in Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=A+report+class+example\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Breport%7D%0A%25+Choose+a+conveniently+small+page+size%0A%5Cusepackage%5Bpaperheight%3D16cm%2Cpaperwidth%3D12cm%2Ctextwidth%3D10cm%5D%7Bgeometry%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Blipsum%7D%25+for+some+dummy+text%0A%5Ctitle%7BA+report+class+example%7D%0A%5Cauthor%7BOverleaf%7D%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0A%5Cmaketitle%0A%5Cchapter%7BOne%7D%0A%5Csection%7BIn+the+beginning...%7D%0A%5Clipsum%5B2%5D%0A%0A%5Csection%7BAnother+section%7D%0A%5Clipsum%5B1%5D%0A%0A%5Csection%7BYet+another%7D%0A%5Clipsum%5B1%5D%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) #### Default book class headers and footers ```latex \documentclass{book} % Choose a conveniently small page size \usepackage[paperheight=16cm,paperwidth=12cm,textwidth=10cm]{geometry} \usepackage{lipsum}% for some dummy text \title{Memoirs of a \TeX{} user} \author{Overleaf} \begin{document} \frontmatter \maketitle This is frontmatter which uses Roman numerals. \mainmatter \chapter{Where do I start} \lipsum[4] \section{In the beginning...} \lipsum[1] \section{Yet another section} \lipsum[1] \chapter{Things I remember} \section{Oh and a further section} \lipsum[1] ``` [Open this **`book`** class example in Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=A+book+class+example\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Bbook%7D%0A%25+Choose+a+conveniently+small+page+size%0A%5Cusepackage%5Bpaperheight%3D16cm%2Cpaperwidth%3D12cm%2Ctextwidth%3D10cm%5D%7Bgeometry%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Blipsum%7D%25+for+some+dummy+text%0A%5Ctitle%7BMemoirs+of+a+%5CTeX%7B%7D+user%7D%0A%5Cauthor%7BOverleaf%7D%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0A%0A%5Cfrontmatter%0A%5Cmaketitle%0AThis+is+frontmatter+which+uses+Roman+numerals.%0A%0A%5Cmainmatter%0A%5Cchapter%7BWhere+do+I+start%7D%0A%5Clipsum%5B4%5D%0A%0A%5Csection%7BIn+the+beginning...%7D%0A%5Clipsum%5B1%5D%0A%0A%5Csection%7BYet+another+section%7D%0A%5Clipsum%5B1%5D%0A%0A%5Cchapter%7BThings+I+remember%7D%0A%0A%5Csection%7BOh+and+a+further+section%7D%0A%5Clipsum%5B1%5D%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) ### Changing headers and footers for “non standard” LaTeX document classes The packages/commands required to change headers and footers can vary according to the document class being used; for example, [the TeX FAQ](https://texfaq.org/FAQ-fancyhdr#:~:text=The%20scrlayer%2Dscrpage%20package%20provides,and%20has%20several%20predefined%20styles) notes use of the [scrlayer-scrpage](https://ctan.org/pkg/scrlayer-scrpage?lang=en) package, rather than [fancyhdr](https://ctan.org/pkg/fancyhdr?lang=en), for improved integration with the [KOMA-script document classes](https://ctan.org/pkg/koma-script). Additionally, the [memoir document class](https://ctan.org/pkg/memoir?lang=en) contains its own features (user commands) to change headers and footers. ## Using the fancyhdr package To load the `fancyhdr` package add the following line to your document preamble: ```latex \usepackage[⟨options⟩]{fancyhdr} ``` where `⟨options⟩` are explained in the [package documentation](http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/fancyhdr/fancyhdr.pdf). ### Structure of fancyhdr headers and footers The following diagram summarises the general structure of headers and footers defined by `fancyhdr` for a two-sided document: * headers and footers can contain different content on left (even) and right (odd) pages * headers and footers are structured into three “zones” * **L***eft* * **C***entre* * **R***ight* * headers and footers can contain an optional rule (line) In the **L** zone the content is typeset flush left; in the **C** zone it is centred and in the **R** zone it is typeset flush right. ![Diagram showing the structure of fancyhdr headers and footers](/files/zqeLJTeIzpFWzjAe52mv) Commands provided by `fancyhdr` use single-letter abbreviations, called “coordinates”, to identify specific header and footer zones and page locations: * **`O`** or **`E`**: to specify \*\*`O`\*\*dd or \*\*`E`\*\*ven pages * **`H`** or **`F`**: to indicate \*\*`H`\*\*eader or \*\*`F`\*\*ooter * **`L`**, **`C`** or **`R`**: for the \*\*`L`\*\*eft, \*\*`C`\*\*entre and \*\*`R`\*\*ight “zone” of the header or footer ### Introducing the commands This section discusses several `fancyhdr` commands used to define the content of headers and footers: * `\fancyhead[*locations*]{*content*}` * `\fancyfoot[*locations*]{*content*}` * `\fancyhf[*locations*]{*content*}` Each of these commands uses “coordinates” to define header and footer `*locations*` where the `*content*` should appear. Depending on which command you use, (up to) 2 or (up to) 3 coordinates may be required to fully specify the desired `*locations*`. #### Commands using up to 2 coordinates The following commands require up to 2 coordinates to specify particular locations in a header or footer: * `\fancyhead[*locations*]{*content*}`: assumes the `**H**`eader coordinate * `\fancyfoot[*locations*]{*content*}`: assumes the `**F**`ooter coordinate where `*locations*` is an optional comma-separated list of positions, specified by 1 or 2 coordinates, in which to place `*content*`. **Double-sided document example** The following example is taken from the `fancyhdr` documentation: ```latex \documentclass{book} \usepackage[paperheight=16cm, paperwidth=12cm,% Set the height and width of the paper includehead, nomarginpar,% We don't want any margin paragraphs textwidth=10cm,% Set \textwidth to 10cm headheight=10mm,% Set \headheight to 10mm ]{geometry} \usepackage{fancyhdr} \begin{document} % Set the page style to "fancy"... \pagestyle{fancy} %... then configure it. \fancyhead{} % clear all header fields \fancyhead[RO,LE]{\textbf{The performance of new graduates}} \fancyfoot{} % clear all footer fields \fancyfoot[LE,RO]{\thepage} \fancyfoot[LO,CE]{From: K. Grant} \fancyfoot[CO,RE]{To: Dean A. Smith} % Some content: This is page 1.\newpage This is page 2. \end{document} ``` [Open this `fancyhdr` example in Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=fancyhdr+package+example\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Bbook%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%5Bpaperheight%3D16cm%2C+paperwidth%3D12cm%2C%25+Set+the+height+and+width+of+the+paper%0Aincludehead%2C%0Anomarginpar%2C%25+We+don%27t+want+any+margin+paragraphs%0Atextwidth%3D10cm%2C%25+Set+%5Ctextwidth+to+10cm%0Aheadheight%3D10mm%2C%25+Set+%5Cheadheight+to+10mm%0A%5D%7Bgeometry%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Bfancyhdr%7D%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0A%25+Set+the+page+style+to+%22fancy%22...%0A%5Cpagestyle%7Bfancy%7D%0A%25...+then+configure+it.%0A%5Cfancyhead%7B%7D+%25+clear+all+header+fields%0A%5Cfancyhead%5BRO%2CLE%5D%7B%5Ctextbf%7BThe+performance+of+new+graduates%7D%7D%0A%5Cfancyfoot%7B%7D+%25+clear+all+footer+fields%0A%5Cfancyfoot%5BLE%2CRO%5D%7B%5Cthepage%7D%0A%5Cfancyfoot%5BLO%2CCE%5D%7BFrom%3A+K.+Grant%7D%0A%5Cfancyfoot%5BCO%2CRE%5D%7BTo%3A+Dean+A.+Smith%7D%0A%25+Some+content%3A%0AThis+is+page+1.%5Cnewpage%0AThis+is+page+2.%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) The following graphic shows the output produced by this example: ![Double-sided document example created with LaTeX fancyhdr package](/files/Q9j37JmnYXbUZubOOpX8) **Notes on the commands used** * **`\fancyhead{}`**: clears the settings for the headers * **`\fancyfoot{}`**: clears the settings for the footers * **`\fancyhead[RO,LE]{\textbf{The performance of new graduates}}`**: uses the header locations **`RO`** (\*\*`R`**ight**`O`**dd) and `LE` (**`L`**eft**`E`\*\*ven) to place the content `\textbf{The performance of new graduates}` * **`\fancyfoot[LE,RO]{\thepage}`**: uses the footer locations **`LE`** (\*\*`L`**eft**`E`**ven) and `RO` (**`R`**ight**`O`\*\*dd) to place the page number output by `\thepage` * **`\fancyfoot[LO,CE]{From: K. Grant}`**: uses the footer locations **`LO`** (\*\*`L`**eft**`O`**dd) and `CE` (**`C`**entre**`E`\*\*ven) to place the content `From: K. Grant` * **`\fancyfoot[CO,RE]{To: Dean A. Smith}`**: uses the footer locations **`CO`** (\*\*`C`**entre**`O`**dd) and `RE` (**`R`**ight**`E`\*\*ven) to place the content `To: Dean A. Smith` **One-sided and two-sided documents** The [diagram above](#hfstructure) shows the structure of headers and footers for a two-sided document, such as the `book` class, or `article`/`report` classes loaded using the option `twoside`. **Single-sided document examples** For *single-sided* documents based on the `article` or `report` classes, all pages are, in effect, right-hand pages so the “coordinates” for `**E**`ven pages do not apply. We also don’t *need* to specify the `**O**` coordinate and can use a single `**L**`, `**C**` or `**R**` value: ```latex \documentclass{article} \usepackage[paperheight=16cm, paperwidth=12cm,% Set the height and width of the paper includehead, nomarginpar,% We don't want any margin paragraphs textwidth=10cm,% Set \textwidth to 10cm headheight=10mm,% Set \headheight to 10mm ]{geometry} \usepackage{fancyhdr} \begin{document} % Set the page style to "fancy"... \pagestyle{fancy} \title{Single-sided document} \author{Overleaf} \date{August 2022} \fancyhf{} % clear existing header/footer entries % We don't need to specify the O coordinate \fancyhead[R]{Hello} \fancyfoot[L]{\thepage} \maketitle \section{Introduction} Some content. \newpage \section{Continued...} \end{document} ``` [Open this `fancyhdr` example in Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=Single-sided+fancyhdr+package+example\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Barticle%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%5Bpaperheight%3D16cm%2C+paperwidth%3D12cm%2C%25+Set+the+height+and+width+of+the+paper%0Aincludehead%2C%0Anomarginpar%2C%25+We+don%27t+want+any+margin+paragraphs%0Atextwidth%3D10cm%2C%25+Set+%5Ctextwidth+to+10cm%0Aheadheight%3D10mm%2C%25+Set+%5Cheadheight+to+10mm%0A%5D%7Bgeometry%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Bfancyhdr%7D%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0A%25+Set+the+page+style+to+%22fancy%22...%0A%5Cpagestyle%7Bfancy%7D%0A%5Ctitle%7BSingle-sided+document%7D%0A%5Cauthor%7BOverleaf%7D%0A%5Cdate%7BAugust+2022%7D%0A%5Cfancyhf%7B%7D+%25+clear+existing+header%2Ffooter+entries%0A%25+We+don%27t+need+to+specify+the+O+coordinate%0A%5Cfancyhead%5BR%5D%7BHello%7D%0A%5Cfancyfoot%5BL%5D%7B%5Cthepage%7D%0A%5Cmaketitle%0A%5Csection%7BIntroduction%7D%0ASome+content.%0A%5Cnewpage%0A%5Csection%7BContinued...%7D%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) The `fancyhdr` package issues a warning if you try to specify headers or footers using the `**E**` coordinate within single-sided documents: ```latex \documentclass{article} \usepackage[paperheight=16cm, paperwidth=12cm,% Set the height and width of the paper includehead, nomarginpar,% We don't want any margin paragraphs textwidth=10cm,% Set \textwidth to 10cm headheight=10mm,% Set \headheight to 10mm ]{geometry} \usepackage{fancyhdr} \begin{document} % Set the page style to "fancy"... \pagestyle{fancy} \title{Warning without twoside} \author{Overleaf} \date{July 2022} \fancyhead[E]{Hello}% This triggers a warning! \fancyfoot[E]{\thepage}% This triggers a warning! \maketitle \section{Introduction} Some content. \newpage \section{Continued...} \end{document} ``` [Open this ***erroneous*** `fancyhdr` example in Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=fancyhdr+package+warning+example\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Barticle%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%5Bpaperheight%3D16cm%2C+paperwidth%3D12cm%2C%25+Set+the+height+and+width+of+the+paper%0Aincludehead%2C%0Anomarginpar%2C%25+We+don%27t+want+any+margin+paragraphs%0Atextwidth%3D10cm%2C%25+Set+%5Ctextwidth+to+10cm%0Aheadheight%3D10mm%2C%25+Set+%5Cheadheight+to+10mm%0A%5D%7Bgeometry%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Bfancyhdr%7D%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0A%25+Set+the+page+style+to+%22fancy%22...%0A%5Cpagestyle%7Bfancy%7D%0A%5Ctitle%7BWarning+without+twoside%7D%0A%5Cauthor%7BOverleaf%7D%0A%5Cdate%7BJuly+2022%7D%0A%5Cfancyhead%5BE%5D%7BHello%7D%25+This+triggers+a+warning%21%0A%5Cfancyfoot%5BE%5D%7B%5Cthepage%7D%25+This+triggers+a+warning%21%0A%5Cmaketitle%0A%5Csection%7BIntroduction%7D%0ASome+content.%0A%5Cnewpage%0A%5Csection%7BContinued...%7D%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) As can be seen in this annotated screengrab: ![An example warning from the fancyhdr package](/files/4XFYlQ54dP1tSSemOh8N) the example above produces the warnings: ```latex Package fancyhdr Warning: \fancyhead's `E' option without twoside option is useless on input line 23. Package fancyhdr Warning: \fancyfoot's `E' option without twoside option is useless on input line 24. ``` **Using a single coordinate in a two-sided document: omitting E and O** If you use `\fancyhead` or `\fancyfoot` in a two-sided document but omit the **`E`** and **`O`** from a location and use *only 1 coordinate*, **`L`**, **`C`** or **`R`**, the `*content*` will be placed in that location on *even and odd pages*. **Example** The following example demonstrates omitting **`E`** and **`O`** from `*locations*` specified in `\fancyhead` and \\`fancyfoot`. It also uses the following commands: * `\pagestyle{fancy}` to set the page style to one configured by `fancyhdr` * `\fancyhead{}\fancyfoot{}` are used to clear all headers and footers (see also `\fancyhf{}`) ```latex \begin{document} % Set the page style to "fancy"... \pagestyle{fancy} %... then configure it. % Clear all headers and footers (see also \fancyhf{}) \fancyhead{}\fancyfoot{} % Set the Centre header location but do not specify O or E \fancyhead[C]{In the centre of the header on all pages: \thepage} % Set the Left footer location but do not specify O or E \fancyfoot[L]{On the left of the footer on all pages: \thepage} % Some content: This is page 1.\newpage This is page 2. ``` [Open this `fancyhdr` example in Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=fancyhdr+package+example\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Bbook%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%5Bpaperheight%3D16cm%2C+paperwidth%3D12cm%2C%25+Set+the+height+and+width+of+the+paper%0Aincludehead%2C%0Anomarginpar%2C%25+We+don%27t+want+any+margin+paragraphs%0Atextwidth%3D10cm%2C%25+Set+%5Ctextwidth+to+10cm%0Aheadheight%3D10mm%2C%25+Set+%5Cheadheight+to+10mm%0A%5D%7Bgeometry%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Bfancyhdr%7D%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0A%25+Set+the+page+style+to+%22fancy%22...%0A%5Cpagestyle%7Bfancy%7D%0A%25...+then+configure+it.%0A%0A%25+Clear+all+headers+and+footers+%28see+also+%5Cfancyhf%7B%7D%29%0A%5Cfancyhead%7B%7D%5Cfancyfoot%7B%7D%0A%0A%25+Set+the+Centre+header+location+but+do+not+specify+O+or+E%0A%5Cfancyhead%5BC%5D%7BIn+the+centre+of+the+header+on+all+pages%3A+%5Cthepage%7D%0A%0A%25+Set+the+Left+footer+location+but+do+not+specify+O+or+E%0A%5Cfancyfoot%5BL%5D%7BOn+the+left+of+the+footer+on+all+pages%3A+%5Cthepage%7D%0A%0A%25+Some+content%3A%0AThis+is+page+1.%5Cnewpage%0AThis+is+page+2.%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) The following graphic is an annotated version of the output produced by this code: ![Using a single fancyhdr coordinate in a two-sided LaTeX document](/files/t5cAU4rSvIz9XfGBKiOk) As can be seen from this graphic, the following code ```latex \fancyhead[C]{In the centre of the header on all pages: \thepage} ``` sets the \*\*`C`\*\*entre header location but does not specify if it should appear on \*\*`O`\*\*dd or \*\*`E`\*\*ven pages. The omission of **`O`** and **`E`** coordinates results in the \*\*`C`\*\*entre zone header content appearing on odd and even pages. In addition, this code fragment ```latex \fancyfoot[L]{On the left of the footer on all pages: \thepage} ``` sets the \*\*`L`\*\*eft footer location but does not specify if it should appear on odd or even pages. The omission of **`O`** and **`E`** coordinates results in the \*\*`L`\*\*eft zone content appearing in the left zone of the footer appearing on odd and even pages. **Using a single coordinate in a two-sided document: omitting L, C and R** If you omit **`L`**, **`C`** and **`R`** from a location in a two-sided document, and use *only 1 coordinate*, **`E`** or **`O`**, the `*content*` will be *placed in all three zones* on the even or odd page pages specified in the location. **Example** The following example sets the header and footer for odd and even pages but none of the `*locations*` in the `\fancyhead` and `\fancyfoot` commands specify the “zone”, **`L`**, **`C`** or **`R`**, in which the `*content*` should be placed. Note how the `*content*` is reproduced in all three zones. ```latex \begin{document} % Set the page style to "fancy"... \pagestyle{fancy} %... then configure it. % Clear all headers and footers (see also \fancyhf{}) \fancyhead{}\fancyfoot{} % Set the header and footer for Even % pages but omit the zone (L, C or R) \fancyhead[E]{Header: even page \thepage} \fancyfoot[E]{Footer: even page \thepage} % Set the header and footer for Odd % pages but omit the zone (L, C or R) \fancyhead[O]{Header: odd page \thepage} \fancyfoot[O]{Footer: odd page \thepage} % Some content: This is page 1.\newpage This is page 2. ``` [Open this `fancyhdr` example in Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=fancyhdr+package+example\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Bbook%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%5Bpaperheight%3D16cm%2C+paperwidth%3D12cm%2C%25+Set+the+height+and+width+of+the+paper%0Aincludehead%2C%0Anomarginpar%2C%25+We+don%27t+want+any+margin+paragraphs%0Atextwidth%3D10cm%2C%25+Set+%5Ctextwidth+to+10cm%0Aheadheight%3D10mm%2C%25+Set+%5Cheadheight+to+10mm%0A%5D%7Bgeometry%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Bfancyhdr%7D%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0A%25+Set+the+page+style+to+%22fancy%22...%0A%5Cpagestyle%7Bfancy%7D%0A%25...+then+configure+it.%0A%0A%25+Clear+all+headers+and+footers+%28see+also+%5Cfancyhf%7B%7D%29%0A%5Cfancyhead%7B%7D%5Cfancyfoot%7B%7D%0A%0A%25+Set+the+header+and+footer+for+Even%0A%25+pages+but+omit+the+zone+%28L%2C+C+or+R%29%0A%5Cfancyhead%5BE%5D%7BHeader%3A+even+page+%5Cthepage%7D%0A%5Cfancyfoot%5BE%5D%7BFooter%3A+even+page+%5Cthepage%7D%0A%0A%25+Set+the+header+and+footer+for+Odd%0A%25+pages+but+omit+the+zone+%28L%2C+C+or+R%29%0A%5Cfancyhead%5BO%5D%7BHeader%3A+odd+page+%5Cthepage%7D%0A%5Cfancyfoot%5BO%5D%7BFooter%3A+odd+page+%5Cthepage%7D%0A%0A%25+Some+content%3A%0AThis+is+page+1.%5Cnewpage%0AThis+is+page+2.%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) The following graphic is an annotated version of the output produced by this code: ![](/files/h03w7dD0b7mxf7MShxpF) The following code sets the header and footer for **`E`ven pages but omits a zone coordinate (`L`**, **`C`** or **`R`**): ```latex \fancyhead[E]{Header: even page \thepage} \fancyfoot[E]{Footer: even page \thepage} ``` This results in: * **even-page headers** contain `Header: even page \thepage` in all three header zones (**`L`**, **`C`** and **`R`**) * **even-page footers** contain `Footer: even page \thepage` in all three footer zones (**`L`**, **`C`** and **`R`**) The following code sets the header and footer for **`O`dd pages but also omits a zone coordinate (`L`**, **`C`** or **`R`**): ```latex \fancyhead[O]{Header: odd page \thepage} \fancyfoot[O]{Footer: odd page \thepage} ``` This produces results similar to those for even pages: * **odd-page headers** contain `Header: odd page \thepage` in all three header zones (**`L`**, **`C`** and **`R`**) * **odd-page footers** contain `Footer: odd page \thepage` in all three footer zones (**`L`**, **`C`** and **`R`**) #### \fancyhf: using up to 3 coordinates `\fancyhf` is a more general command which can be used to combine specifications for headers and footers. To do this it supports the coordinates **`H`** (for \*\*`H`\*\*eader) and **`F`** (for \*\*`F`\*\*ooter). The general form of the command is * `\fancyhf[*locations*]{*content*}` where `*locations*` is a optional comma-separated list of locations, specified by 2 or 3 coordinates, to place `*content*`. Because this command can specify the content of headers *and* footers you need the third coordinate, **`H`** or **`F`** to fully specify the `*locations*`. For example, to use (refer to) the centre zone of footers on the left-hand (even) pages you would specify this as the three coordinates **`EFC`**: * \*\*`E`\*\*ven-numbered pages * \*\*`F`\*\*ooter * \*\*`C`\*\*entre zone Note that the order of the coordinates is not important: **`EFC`** produces the same result as **`FEC`** and so forth. The following example uses `\fancyhf` to place content in the \*\*`C`\*\*entre zones of all headers and footers: ```latex \begin{document} \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhf{} \fancyhf[EHC]{Even+Header+Centre} \fancyhf[EFC]{Even+Footer+Centre} \fancyhf[OFC]{Odd+Footer+Centre} \fancyhf[OHC]{Odd+Header+Centre} \lipsum[1]\newpage\lipsum[1] ``` [Open this `\fancyhf` example in Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=Example+of+the+fancyhf+command\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Bbook%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%5Bpaperheight%3D16cm%2C+paperwidth%3D12cm%2C%25+Set+the+height+and+width+of+the+paper%0Aincludehead%2C%0Anomarginpar%2C%25+We+don%27t+want+any+margin+paragraphs%0Atextwidth%3D10cm%2C%25+Set+%5Ctextwidth+to+10cm%0Aheadheight%3D10mm%2C%25+Set+%5Cheadheight+to+10mm%0A%5D%7Bgeometry%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Blipsum%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Bfancyhdr%7D%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0A%5Cpagestyle%7Bfancy%7D%0A%5Cfancyhf%7B%7D%0A%5Cfancyhf%5BEHC%5D%7BEven%2BHeader%2BCentre%7D%0A%5Cfancyhf%5BEFC%5D%7BEven%2BFooter%2BCentre%7D%0A%5Cfancyhf%5BOFC%5D%7BOdd%2BFooter%2BCentre%7D%0A%5Cfancyhf%5BOHC%5D%7BOdd%2BHeader%2BCentre%7D%0A%5Clipsum%5B1%5D%5Cnewpage%5Clipsum%5B1%5D%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) The following graphic is an annotated version of the output produced by the previous example: ![An example using the fancyhdr \fancyhf command](/files/3a9vt9pLqNdfSSCQnerd) ### Examples #### Using basic rules (lines) in headers and footers The following rule-related commands are provided by version 4.x of `fancyhdr`: * **`\headrulewidth`**: macro to define the thickness of a line under the header * **`\footrulewidth`**: macro to define the thickness of a line above the footer * **`\headruleskip`**: macro to define the distance between the line and the header text (only available since version 4.0) * **`\footruleskip`**: macro to define the distance between the line and the footer text * **`\headrule`** macro to completely redefine header rules (lines) * **`\footrule`** macro to completely redefine footer rules (lines) * **`\headwidth`** a length parameter that defines the total width of the headers and footers **NOTES**: * the default value of `\headrulewidth` is `0.4pt` and default value of `\footrulewidth` is `0pt` so, by default, that rule is not shown in footers. * you must use `\renewcommand` to change the width value stored by `\headrulewidth` or `\footrulewidth` * similarly, use `\renewcommand` to change the space between header or footer text, set by `\headruleskip` or `\footruleskip` respectively For example: ```latex \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{2pt} \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{4pt} \renewcommand{\headruleskip}{10mm} \renewcommand{\footruleskip}{10pt} ``` * **Note**: It is *because* the following commands are *macros* * * `\headrulewidth` * `\footrulewidth` * `\headruleskip` * `\footruleskip` that you *must* use `\renewcommand` to change values stored by these commands. The following code *will not work*: ```latex \setlength{\headrulewidth}{2pt}% does not work \setlength{\headruleskip}{10mm}% also will not work ``` The next example changes rule widths and shows how to modify the distance between rules (lines) and header and footer text—using `\headruleskip` and `\footruleskip`: ```latex \begin{document} % Set the page style to "fancy"... \pagestyle{fancy} %... then configure it. \renewcommand{\headruleskip}{10mm} \renewcommand{\footruleskip}{10pt} \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{2pt} \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{4pt} % Some content: \chapter{Wrangling settings} \section{Page 1} This is page 1. \newpage \section{Page 2} This is page 2. \end{document} ``` [Open this `fancyhdr` example in Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=fancyhdr+package+example\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Bbook%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%5Bpaperheight%3D16cm%2Cpaperwidth%3D12cm%2C%25+Set+the+height+and+width+of+the+paper%0Aincludehead%2C%0Anomarginpar%2C%25+We+don%27t+want+any+margin+paragraphs%0Atextwidth%3D10cm%2C%25+Set+%5Ctextwidth+to+10cm%0A%25+Set+%5Cheadheight+to+15mm+to+accommodate%0A%25+value+of+%5Cheadruleskip%0Aheadheight%3D15mm%2C%0A%5D%7Bgeometry%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Bfancyhdr%7D%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0A%25+Set+the+page+style+to+%22fancy%22...%0A%5Cpagestyle%7Bfancy%7D%0A%25...+then+configure+it.%0A%5Crenewcommand%7B%5Cheadruleskip%7D%7B10mm%7D%0A%5Crenewcommand%7B%5Cfootruleskip%7D%7B10pt%7D%0A%5Crenewcommand%7B%5Cheadrulewidth%7D%7B2pt%7D%0A%5Crenewcommand%7B%5Cfootrulewidth%7D%7B4pt%7D%0A%25+Some+content%3A%0A%5Cchapter%7BWrangling+settings%7D%0A%5Csection%7BPage+1%7D%0AThis+is+page+1.%0A%5Cnewpage%0A%5Csection%7BPage+2%7D%0AThis+is+page+2.%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) #### Using fancy rules in headers The following example is derived from one contained in the `fancyhdr` package documentation which uses the [`fourier-orns` package](https://ctan.org/pkg/fourier?lang=en). ```latex \documentclass{book} \usepackage[paperheight=16cm, paperwidth=12cm,% Set the height and width of the paper includehead, nomarginpar,% We don't want any margin paragraphs textwidth=10cm,% Set \textwidth to 10cm headheight=14pt,% Set \headheight to 14pt to accommodate our fancy rule! ]{geometry} \usepackage{fourier-orns} \usepackage{fancyhdr} \renewcommand{\headrule}{% \vspace{-8pt}\hrulefill \raisebox{-2.1pt}{\quad\decofourleft\decotwo\decofourright\quad}\hrulefill} \title{Decorative line} \author{Overleaf} \date{August 2022} \begin{document} \pagestyle{fancy} \fancyhf{} \fancyhead[LE]{\nouppercase{\rightmark\hfill\leftmark}} \fancyhead[RO]{\nouppercase{\leftmark\hfill\rightmark}} \fancyfoot[LE,RO]{\hfill\thepage\hfill} \chapter{Fancy rules!} \section{Introduction} This example is taken from the \texttt{fancyhdr} documentation. \newpage \section{See the header} \newpage \section{Yes, very neat!} \end{document} ``` [Open this example in Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=Drawing+fancy+rules+in+headers\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Bbook%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%5Bpaperheight%3D16cm%2C+paperwidth%3D12cm%2C%25+Set+the+height+and+width+of+the+paper%0Aincludehead%2C%0Anomarginpar%2C%25+We+don%27t+want+any+margin+paragraphs%0Atextwidth%3D10cm%2C%25+Set+%5Ctextwidth+to+10cm%0Aheadheight%3D14pt%2C%25+Set+%5Cheadheight+to+14pt+to+accommodate+our+fancy+rule%21%0A%5D%7Bgeometry%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Bfourier-orns%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Bfancyhdr%7D%0A%5Crenewcommand%7B%5Cheadrule%7D%7B%25%0A%5Cvspace%7B-8pt%7D%5Chrulefill%0A%5Craisebox%7B-2.1pt%7D%7B%5Cquad%5Cdecofourleft%5Cdecotwo%5Cdecofourright%5Cquad%7D%5Chrulefill%7D%0A%5Ctitle%7BDecorative+line%7D%0A%5Cauthor%7BOverleaf%7D%0A%5Cdate%7BAugust+2022%7D%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0A%5Cpagestyle%7Bfancy%7D%0A%5Cfancyhf%7B%7D%0A%5Cfancyhead%5BLE%5D%7B%5Cnouppercase%7B%5Crightmark%5Chfill%5Cleftmark%7D%7D%0A%5Cfancyhead%5BRO%5D%7B%5Cnouppercase%7B%5Cleftmark%5Chfill%5Crightmark%7D%7D%0A%5Cfancyfoot%5BLE%2CRO%5D%7B%5Chfill%5Cthepage%5Chfill%7D%0A%5Cchapter%7BFancy+rules%21%7D%0A%5Csection%7BIntroduction%7D%0AThis+example+is+taken+from+the+%5Ctexttt%7Bfancyhdr%7D+documentation.%0A%5Cnewpage%0A%5Csection%7BSee+the+header%7D%0A%5Cnewpage%0A%5Csection%7BYes%2C+very+neat%21%7D%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) This example produces the following output: ![An example of creating fancy rules in headers via the fourier-orns package](/files/YGil2kW2VKinmrS0FMAl) * Notes on commands in this example * **`\headrule`**: a macro which defines how to draw the decorative line in the header. Here it is redefined to draw a line containing ornaments from the [`fourier-orns` package](https://ctan.org/pkg/fourier?lang=en). * **`\leftmark`** and **`\rightmark`**: these commands are used to obtain “mark data” inserted by LaTeX’s sectioning commands. For a more complete explanation of these commands we recommend the companion article [*How does LaTeX typeset headers and footers?*](/latex/in-depth-articles/23-how-does-latex-typeset-headers-and-footers.md) * **`\nouppercase`**: a command provided by the `fancyhdr` package to prevent header or footer text being typeset in uppercase, which is the default style for LaTeX headers and footers #### fancyhdr warning: \headheight is too small If you receive the `fancyhdr` warning that `\headheight` is too small you *can* reset it to some value `height` by writing ```latex \setlength{\headheight}{height} ``` but the [recommended solution is to use the `geometry` package](https://tex.stackexchange.com/a/100408) and apply its `headheight=*height*` option to set the value of `\headheight` to `*height*`. The following example revisits our earlier book class example and resets `\headheight` to 2cm via `headheight=2cm`: ```latex \documentclass{book} \usepackage[paperheight=16cm, paperwidth=12cm,% Set the height and width of the paper includehead,% See below for an explanation nomarginpar,% We don't want any margin paragraphs textwidth=10cm,% Set \textwidth to 10cm headheight=2cm,% Set \headheight to 2cm showframe % Show the page layout ]{geometry} \title{Memoirs of a \TeX{} user} \author{Overleaf} \begin{document} \frontmatter \maketitle This is frontmatter which uses Roman numerals. \mainmatter \chapter{Where do I start} Chapter 1: A short chapter that ends on page 1. \chapter{Things I remember} Chapter 2: Starts on page 3, so \LaTeX{} inserts a ``blank'' page 2. \end{document} ``` [Open in Overleaf: example to set `\headheight` using the geometry package](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=Setting+headheight+using+the+geometry+package\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Bbook%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%5Bpaperheight%3D16cm%2C+paperwidth%3D12cm%2C%25+Set+the+height+and+width+of+the+paper%0Aincludehead%2C%25+See+below+for+an+explanation%0Anomarginpar%2C%25+We+don%27t+want+any+margin+paragraphs%0Atextwidth%3D10cm%2C%25+Set+%5Ctextwidth+to+10cm%0Aheadheight%3D2cm%2C%25+Set+%5Cheadheight+to+2cm%0Ashowframe+%25+Show+the+page+layout%0A%5D%7Bgeometry%7D%0A%5Ctitle%7BMemoirs+of+a+%5CTeX%7B%7D+user%7D%0A%5Cauthor%7BOverleaf%7D%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0A%0A%5Cfrontmatter%0A%5Cmaketitle%0AThis+is+frontmatter+which+uses+Roman+numerals.%0A%0A%5Cmainmatter%0A%5Cchapter%7BWhere+do+I+start%7D%0AChapter+1%3A+A+short+chapter+that+ends+on+page+1.%0A%0A%5Cchapter%7BThings+I+remember%7D%0AChapter+2%3A+Starts+on+page+3%2C+so+%5CLaTeX%7B%7D+inserts+a+%60%60blank%27%27+page+2.%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) **Notes on the geometry package** The example above uses several options of the `geometry` package: * `nomarginpar`: specifies that we don't want any margin paragraphs * `textwidth=10cm`: sets a value (10cm) for `\textwidth`, one of LaTeX’s [page layout parameters](/latex/in-depth-articles/04-a-visual-guide-to-latex-s-page-layout-parameters.md) * `headheight=2cm`: sets a value (2mm) for `\headheight`, one of LaTeX’s [page layout parameters](/latex/in-depth-articles/04-a-visual-guide-to-latex-s-page-layout-parameters.md) * `showframe`: draws the page layout The `geometry` package also provides options which affect how it calculates certain values for LaTeX page layout parameters; for example: * `includehead` * `includefoot` Our example (above) used `includehead` to ensure that the height of the text area is directly affected by changing the value of `headheight`. The following diagram, copied from the `geometry` package documentation, demonstrates how the `includehead` and `includefoot` options affect calculation of the document’s text height: ![Image from geometry package documentation showing how the includehead and includefoot options affect calculation of the document’s text height](/files/scG8QfRsGKssIIjh08LF) Note that the `geometry` package refers to the height of the text area via the option `textheight` whereas LaTeX uses the similarly-named [`\textheight` page layout parameter](/latex/in-depth-articles/04-a-visual-guide-to-latex-s-page-layout-parameters.md#notes-on-the-page-layout-parameters-and-equations). #### Footers containing page X of N Source: edited version of code posted on tex.stackexchange: . This example creates a footer which displays the current page number and the total number of pages. It uses the [`lastpage` package](https://ctan.org/pkg/lastpage?lang=en) together with a modified version of the `plain` page style implemented via the `\fancypagestyle` command provided by `fancyhdr`. ```latex \documentclass[12pt]{article} \usepackage[paperheight=16cm, paperwidth=12cm,% Set the height and width of the paper includehead,% See below for an explanation nomarginpar,% We don't want any margin paragraphs textwidth=10cm,% Set \textwidth to 10cm headheight=16pt % Set \headheight to 16pt to avoid fancyhr warnings ]{geometry} \usepackage{lastpage} \usepackage{fancyhdr} \usepackage{lipsum} % just for mock text \pagestyle{fancy} \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt} \fancyfoot[C]{\thepage\ of \pageref{LastPage}} \fancypagestyle{plain}{% \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{0pt}% \fancyhf{}% \fancyfoot[C]{\thepage\ of \pageref{LastPage}}} \begin{document} \title{Another fancyhdr demo} \author{\texttt{tex.stackexchange} \textit{et al}} \maketitle \lipsum \end{document} ``` [Open this example in Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=Footers+with+page+X+of+Y\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%5B12pt%5D%7Barticle%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%5Bpaperheight%3D16cm%2C+paperwidth%3D12cm%2C%25+Set+the+height+and+width+of+the+paper%0Aincludehead%2C%25+See+below+for+an+explanation%0Anomarginpar%2C%25+We+don%27t+want+any+margin+paragraphs%0Atextwidth%3D10cm%2C%25+Set+%5Ctextwidth+to+10cm%0Aheadheight%3D16pt+%25+Set+%5Cheadheight+to+16pt+to+avoid+fancyhr+warnings%0A%5D%7Bgeometry%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Blastpage%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Bfancyhdr%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Blipsum%7D+%25+just+for+mock+text%0A%5Cpagestyle%7Bfancy%7D%0A%5Crenewcommand%7B%5Cheadrulewidth%7D%7B0pt%7D%0A%5Cfancyfoot%5BC%5D%7B%5Cthepage%5C+of+%5Cpageref%7BLastPage%7D%7D%0A%5Cfancypagestyle%7Bplain%7D%7B%25%0A++%5Crenewcommand%7B%5Cheadrulewidth%7D%7B0pt%7D%25%0A++%5Cfancyhf%7B%7D%25%0A++%5Cfancyfoot%5BC%5D%7B%5Cthepage%5C+of+%5Cpageref%7BLastPage%7D%7D%7D%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0A%5Ctitle%7BAnother+fancyhdr+demo%7D%0A%5Cauthor%7B%5Ctexttt%7Btex.stackexchange%7D+%5Ctextit%7Bet+al%7D%7D%0A%5Cmaketitle%0A%0A%5Clipsum%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) #### Creating completely blank pages: no headers or footers As noted in the [`fancyhdr` package documentation](http://mirrors.ctan.org/macros/latex/contrib/fancyhdr/fancyhdr.pdf), if you create a document using * the `book` class *without* the `openany` option, or * the `report` class with the `openright` option any part (`\part{...}`) and chapter (`\chapter{...}`) pages will start on odd-numbered (right-hand) pages. Occasionally, LaTeX needs to insert a "blank" page to ensure the next chapter or part page starts on a right-hand page—but that "blank" page will still contain headers that many people consider to be unsightly. **Example of "blank" pages in a book class document** The following `book` class example creates 5 pages including 2 right-hand facing chapter pages. ```latex \begin{document} \frontmatter \maketitle This is frontmatter which uses Roman numerals. \mainmatter \chapter{Where do I start} Chapter 1: A short chapter that ends on page 1. \chapter{Things I remember} Chapter 2: Starts on page 3, so \LaTeX{} inserts a ``blank'' page 2. \end{document} ``` [Open this `book` class example in Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=Demonstrating+blank+pages\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Bbook%7D%0A%25+Choose+a+conveniently+small+page+size%0A%5Cusepackage%5Bpaperheight%3D16cm%2Cpaperwidth%3D12cm%2Ctextwidth%3D10cm%5D%7Bgeometry%7D%0A%5Ctitle%7BMemoirs+of+a+%5CTeX%7B%7D+user%7D%0A%5Cauthor%7BOverleaf%7D%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0A%0A%5Cfrontmatter%0A%5Cmaketitle%0AThis+is+frontmatter+which+uses+Roman+numerals.%0A%0A%5Cmainmatter%0A%5Cchapter%7BWhere+do+I+start%7D%0AChapter+1%3A+A+short+chapter+that+ends+on+page+1.%0A%0A%5Cchapter%7BThings+I+remember%7D%0AChapter+2%3A+Starts+on+page+3%2C+so+%5CLaTeX%7B%7D+inserts+a+%60%60blank%27%27+page+2.%0A%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) As shown in the following annotated graphic, chapter 2 starts on page 3 because LaTeX inserted page 2 which is nominally “blank” but contains an unsightly header. ![Example of blank pages in a book class document](/files/HOjaF5ieWdT4seQpVshl) A variety of mechanisms—code and packages—can be used to ensure inserted pages, such as page 2 above, are completely blank. Here are some examples: * use the `emptypage` package by adding the following line to your document's preamble: ```latex \usepackage{emptypage} ``` * manually insert a blank page at the end of chapter 1 so that chapter 2 will naturally start on a right-hand page, removing the need for LaTeX to force a new page. The following code is suggested in the `fancyhdr` package documentation: ```latex \clearpage \begingroup \pagestyle{empty}\cleardoublepage \endgroup ``` * similarly, you can create a new page at the end of chapter 1 and set its style to empty using `\thispagestyle{empty}`: ```latex \newpage\thispagestyle{empty} ``` For more information on, and examples of, using truly blank pages, consult the [TUG FAQ](https://texfaq.org/FAQ-reallyblank) or search for [questions tagged `blank-page` on TeX.stackechange](https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/tagged/blank-page). * **TIP**: The TeX FAQ has an entry titled [to get rid of page numbers](https://texfaq.org/FAQ-nopageno%7CHow) which contains some useful advice. #### Changing the style of a single page Sometimes is convenient to change the style of a specific page; for example, removing the header and footer from the current chapter page: ```latex \begin{document} \maketitle \chapter{Using different page styles} \lipsum[1] % via \usepackage{lipsum} \chapter{Sample Chapter} \thispagestyle{empty} % remove headers/footers from the chapter page \lipsum[1] \clearpage \section{New section} \lipsum[1] \end{document} ``` [Open this example in Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=Setting+the+style+of+a+single+page\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Bbook%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Blipsum%7D%0A%5Ctitle%7BChanging+the+style+of+a+single+page%7D%0A%5Cauthor%7BOverleaf%7D%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0A%5Cmaketitle%0A%5Cchapter%7BUsing+different+page+styles%7D%0A%5Clipsum%5B1%5D+%25+via+%5Cusepackage%7Blipsum%7D%0A%5Cchapter%7BSample+Chapter%7D%0A%5Cthispagestyle%7Bempty%7D+%25+remove+headers%2Ffooters+from+the+chapter+page%0A%5Clipsum%5B1%5D%0A%5Cclearpage%0A%5Csection%7BNew+section%7D%0A%5Clipsum%5B1%5D%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) #### Multi-line headers or footers Headers and footers produced by `fancyhdr` can contain multiple lines. The following example is based on the `fancyhdr` documentation but expanded to include a multiline header. This example uses the `datetime2` package command `\DTMnow` to insert the date on which the draft document was typeset. The command `\\` is used to terminate the first line of the header. ```latex \documentclass{book} \usepackage[paperheight=16cm, paperwidth=12cm,% Set the height and width of the paper includehead, nomarginpar,% We don't want any margin paragraphs textwidth=10cm,% Set \textwidth to 10cm headheight=25pt,% Set \headheight to 25pt to accommodate the multiline header ]{geometry} \usepackage{fancyhdr} \usepackage{datetime2} \begin{document} % Set the page style to "fancy"... \pagestyle{fancy} %... then configure it. \fancyhead{} % clear all header fields \fancyhead[RO,LE]{\textbf{DRAFT} (Typeset \DTMnow)\\\textbf{The performance of new graduates}} \fancyfoot{} % clear all footer fields \fancyfoot[LE,RO]{\thepage} \fancyfoot[LO,CE]{From: K. Grant} \fancyfoot[CO,RE]{To: Dean A. Smith} % Some content: This is page 1.\newpage This is page 2. \end{document} ``` [Open this `fancyhdr` example in Overleaf](https://www.overleaf.com/docs?engine=pdflatex\&snip_name=Multiline+header+fancyhdr+package+example\&snip=%5Cdocumentclass%7Bbook%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%5Bpaperheight%3D16cm%2C+paperwidth%3D12cm%2C%25+Set+the+height+and+width+of+the+paper%0Aincludehead%2C%0Anomarginpar%2C%25+We+don%27t+want+any+margin+paragraphs%0Atextwidth%3D10cm%2C%25+Set+%5Ctextwidth+to+10cm%0Aheadheight%3D25pt%2C%25+Set+%5Cheadheight+to+25pt+to+accommodate+the+multiline+header%0A%5D%7Bgeometry%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Bfancyhdr%7D%0A%5Cusepackage%7Bdatetime2%7D%0A%5Cbegin%7Bdocument%7D%0A%25+Set+the+page+style+to+%22fancy%22...%0A%5Cpagestyle%7Bfancy%7D%0A%25...+then+configure+it.%0A%5Cfancyhead%7B%7D+%25+clear+all+header+fields%0A%5Cfancyhead%5BRO%2CLE%5D%7B%5Ctextbf%7BDRAFT%7D+%28Typeset+%5CDTMnow%29%5C%5C%5Ctextbf%7BThe+performance+of+new+graduates%7D%7D%0A%5Cfancyfoot%7B%7D+%25+clear+all+footer+fields%0A%5Cfancyfoot%5BLE%2CRO%5D%7B%5Cthepage%7D%0A%5Cfancyfoot%5BLO%2CCE%5D%7BFrom%3A+K.+Grant%7D%0A%5Cfancyfoot%5BCO%2CRE%5D%7BTo%3A+Dean+A.+Smith%7D%0A%25+Some+content%3A%0AThis+is+page+1.%5Cnewpage%0AThis+is+page+2.%0A%5Cend%7Bdocument%7D) The following graphic shows the output produced by this example: ![An example of a multi-line header produced by fancyhdr](/files/vbiSTdlCFxXKOfmVfQq2) --- # Agent Instructions This documentation is published with GitBook. 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